His offence against the State was blowing the whistle on HMG complicity with American and Uzbek torture of opposition politicians and their supporter.
You really should read his book
Murder in Samarkand. It's an eye-opener.
As for his prosecution for Contempt of Court, which by the way is a civil offence not a criminal one it, was Lady Dorrian who raised the prosecution against him. She was his prosecutor and his judge and his jury and the judge who heard his Appeal against her own verdict and her own sentence - all rolled into one. I don't think any other country in the world has such an absurd system, not even Nazi Germany went that far.
She is campaigning for jury trials to be abolished for trials of some offences. It was a jury which acquitted Alex Salmond of all thirteen charges. If she had been the jury substitute, she quite certainly would have found him guilty on all counts.
I'm seriously considering going to Edinburgh tomorrow morning to show a bit of moral support for him as he goes to the cop shop with his suitcase to start eight months in Saughton Prison. If I had Alex Salmond's email address I'd ask him to come along too. Murray was the only journalist to publish the Defence case in Salmond's trial. The mainstream media used every utterance and ***** claim by the Prosecutor as banner headlines, but when the Defence side started to make its case the MSM journos closed their notebooks and folded their arms and stared at the ceiling.
A society which imprisons journalists for telling the truth is a society which has gone badly wrong. That's us.